Present Perfect Tense With Rules-Formula And Example

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Present Perfect Tense With Rules-Formula And Example

Below is the Present Perfect Tenses:

THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Rule:

Affirmative: Subject + has/have + V3 + object +…

(V3 means the third form of the verb)

 Note: “I” or any plural subject gets have

Any singular subject (Except ‘T”) gets .. has

• I have served.
• She has served.
• We have served.
• They have served.

 

Check: Present Indefinite Tense

Check: Present Continuous Tense

 

Negative: Subject + has not / have not + object +…

• I have not served.
• He has not served.
• We have not served.

Interrogative: Has / Have + subject + V3+ Object + .?

• Has he served?
• Have you served?
• Have they served?

THIS TENSE IS USED:

1. To express the completion of an act in the present:
2. I have fulfilled my promise.
3. She has bought a new book.
4. They have rewarded the leading evil-doers.

 Though the completion of an act means that the action is over and is as such a matter of the past, the idea of the present is always closely associated with it, e.g.

(a) I have read all the famous plays of Shakespeare (so Now I know something about the well-known plays of Shakespeare).

It has stopped raining (so Now it is not raining).

I have lost my pet dog (so Now I am without my pet dog).

2. To express an action that is just over and the resulting state is still present:
3. You have done your duty Aziz Bhatti; your country feels proud of you.
4. I have read the novel; now you can discuss it with me.
5. To express the duration of an action or of the absence of an action that started in the past and continues to the present (and possibly to the future)?
6. He has practiced law for twenty years (and still practicing it).
7. I have not seen him for two years. (the duration of absence of the action of seeing him continues for two years).
8. I have conducted university examinations for ten years. (and am still conducting).

 

• Compare this with:

I conducted the university examinations for ten years (but conduct them no longer).

4. To show the time of the action as indefinite:

I have met this gentleman before.

• Compare with this:

I met this gentleman in March 1998 (The time is definite).

5. There are some words, phrases, or constructions usually associated with the Present Perfect Tense:

Since .; already; often; always; never; now, up to now; today; not yet; so far; up to the present; lately; this week/month/year, etc.

• It is not used with:

ago; then; at that time; yesterday; last night /week / month / year etc; in 1997, at Eid / Chriştmas, etc.

 

Download PDF Present Continues Tense Rules in English – With Sentences below:

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