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Present Perfect Tense With Rules-Formula And Example
Below is the Present Perfect Tenses:
THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Rule:
Affirmative: Subject + has/have + V3 + object +…
(V3 means the third form of the verb)
Note: “I” or any plural subject gets have
Any singular subject (Except ‘T”) gets .. has
- I have served.
- She has served.
- We have served.
- They have served.
Check: Present Indefinite Tense
Check: Present Continuous Tense
Negative: Subject + has not / have not + object +…
- I have not served.
- He has not served.
- We have not served.
Interrogative: Has / Have + subject + V3+ Object + .?
- Has he served?
- Have you served?
- Have they served?
THIS TENSE IS USED:
- To express the completion of an act in the present:
- I have fulfilled my promise.
- She has bought a new book.
- They have rewarded the leading evil-doers.
Though the completion of an act means that the action is over and is as such a matter of the past, the idea of the present is always closely associated with it, e.g.
(a) I have read all the famous plays of Shakespeare (so Now I know something about the well-known plays of Shakespeare).
It has stopped raining (so Now it is not raining).
I have lost my pet dog (so Now I am without my pet dog).
- To express an action that is just over and the resulting state is still present:
- You have done your duty Aziz Bhatti; your country feels proud of you.
- I have read the novel; now you can discuss it with me.
- To express the duration of an action or of the absence of an action that started in the past and continues to the present (and possibly to the future)?
- He has practiced law for twenty years (and still practicing it).
- I have not seen him for two years. (the duration of absence of the action of seeing him continues for two years).
- I have conducted university examinations for ten years. (and am still conducting).
- Compare this with:
I conducted the university examinations for ten years (but conduct them no longer).
- To show the time of the action as indefinite:
I have met this gentleman before.
- Compare with this:
I met this gentleman in March 1998 (The time is definite).
- There are some words, phrases, or constructions usually associated with the Present Perfect Tense:
Since .; already; often; always; never; now, up to now; today; not yet; so far; up to the present; lately; this week/month/year, etc.
- It is not used with:
ago; then; at that time; yesterday; last night /week / month / year etc; in 1997, at Eid / Chriştmas, etc.
Download PDF Present Continues Tense Rules in English – With Sentences below: